Renée Prillaman, Ph.D. May 2025 Navigating confusing conversations and defensive reactions in ourselves and others is a regular experience for any school leader. One tool I teach my clients to be effective in these circumstances is The Iceberg Metaphor developed by Virginia Satir. This strategy has been widely used in therapeutic settings, coaching, and business. Fundamentally, the Iceberg Metaphor is a way to approach what underlies specific behaviors such as defensiveness, withdrawal, or...